How to Make Charcoal at Home: Easy Instructions

•   Hardwood (oak, hickory, maple, or other dense wood)
•   Metal drum (with a lid) or a large metal container
•   Firestarter materials (dry leaves, kindling)
•   Small holes for airflow in the bottom and sides of the drum (optional, for better airflow)

1.  Prepare the Wood: Cut the hardwood into smaller pieces, as it’ll burn more evenly. Ideally, the pieces should be around 2–4 inches thick.
2.  Load the Drum: Place the wood pieces in the metal drum. Avoid packing them too tightly to allow airflow.
3.  Create a Fire: Start a small fire underneath or around the drum to get the process going. You want the wood inside the drum to heat up and release gases without fully burning.
4.  Seal the Drum: Once the fire is strong enough, cover the drum with its lid or another metal cover to restrict oxygen. Limited oxygen allows the wood to smolder rather than burn completely. You can leave small vent holes to allow gases to escape.
5.  Monitor the Process: Let the wood smolder for 4-6 hours. You’ll see smoke escaping from the vents as moisture and gases are released.
6.  Cool Down: After the smoke stops, let the drum cool down completely (this can take several hours). Don’t open it until it’s completely cool, as the charcoal can ignite if exposed to air while still hot.
7.  Remove the Charcoal: Once cool, open the drum and take out your charcoal. It should be black and lightweight.
8.  Store Properly: Store the charcoal in a dry, airtight container to prevent moisture absorption.

•   Hardwood is essential for high-quality charcoal; softwoods can produce too much ash.
•   Use caution during the process, as it involves high heat and potentially flammable gases.
•   Avoid using treated or painted wood, as it can release toxic fumes.